The development of a person depends on many factors. Heredity and environmental factors play an important role in human development. They lead to the complete development of individuals related to physical and psychological characteristics. Some people are more aggressive. This could be due to the heredity factor. And, it can also be due to environmental factors.
Heredity and environment both are interconnected. And the combination of these two leads to development.
Role of Heredity and Environment
Heredity Factors
Environment and heredity are the main pillars of development. Heredity is also known as nature. Heredity’s strong influences on physical characteristics.
It is a biologically determined inheritance process. This process is transferred from parents and one generation to the next generation. These traits are physical and behavioral traits.
Physical traits are eye color, blood type, height, and body structure. Behavioral traits are aggression level, intelligence, emotional stability, and tolerance power.
Hereditary material consists of DNA, chromosomes, and sex cells. They play an important role in development.
Examples of Genetic Factors
I. Genes The genes are made up of Deoxyribonucleic-acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA). It is a unit of hereditary information. It is a basic physical unit of inheritance. They are responsible for carrying information that determines your traits related to physical and psychological characteristics.
II. Chromosomes Humans are presented with the help of 23 pairs of chromosomes. It is made up of DNA. The chromosome looks like a thread structure. Genes work in pairing sequences of chromosomes. But chromosomal abnormality is also occurring in human genes.
Chromosomal impairment leads to chromosomal abnormalities. Mainly five types of chromosomal abnormalities. They are:-
Individuals are approximately 99% genetically identical. However single base pairs influence human physical and psychological traits.
III. Sex Cells In the human body, cells contain 23 chromosomes. Sex cells are also known as gametes. It is the last pair of cell in human beings and determines the sex of the individual. X and Y chromosomes are also called sex cells.
Females have two sex chromosomes(X, X) and males have two sex chromosomes (X, Y). One chromosome of male and one chromosome of female determined the sex of the organism.
Female’s X chromosome and the male’s Y chromosome are responsible for the boy child. And female’s X chromosome and male’s X chromosome are responsible for the girl child.
Environmental Factors
Both heredity and environment play an important role in development. But environmental factors are also important in human development.
Man is surrounded by environmental factors. These factors have positive and negative effects on development. They are parents’ behavior, nutrition, pollution, physical activity, infectious diseases, peer group, and economical condition. Without heredity and environment, an organism’s development is not possible.
I. Parents’ Behavior Children are the first to socialize in the family. So, parents’ behavior plays the most important role in the development of children. Good and cooperative behavior leads to fast development. Bad and neglecting behavior leads to slow development.
example of Environment Factor
If the cooperative behavior of the parents. Then the development of children is very fast. And if parents have neglect behavior. Then the development of children is very slow. So, development also depends on this process.
II. Nutrition In the prenatal developmental period, the organism is totally dependent on the mother for nutrients. Food and oxygen reach the organism with the help of the placenta.
A mother’s healthy diet leads to a healthy weight of the infant. In the prenatal period, good effects of heredity and environment refer to the complete development of an organism.
III. Pollution It has a bad effect on development. Air pollution leads to lung diseases, water pollution leads to hepatitis and typhoid. Between heredity and the environment, pollution is part of the environment.
IV. Physical Activity Physical activity related to exercise and yoga plays an important role in development. Physical activity leads to a boost of self-esteem and confidence in children. A healthy body has a healthy mind.
V. Infectious Diseases Infectious disease has a bad effect on development. During pregnancy, infectious diseases have a bad effect on development.
Examples of Infectious Diseases
VI. Peer Group In development, the peer group has a bad or good effect on development. According to human tendency, bad habits form more quickly than good habits. Bad peer group leads to bad behavior and bad habits. A good peer group leads to good behavior and good habits.
All children have their own friend circle. Some children live in negative groups. And some in the positive group.
Difference between Heredity and Environment
- It is presented with the help of biological determined. But, the environment surrounds us.
- Heredity is a genetic process. But, the environment is related to living and non-living things.
- It leads to inheritance. But the environment is an ecosystem.
- height, the color of the eyes, and the color of hair are examples of heredity factors. Bacterial diseases, nutrition, and smoking are examples of environmental factors.
Heredity and Environment Examples
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